chads2vasc calculator (CHA2DS2‑VASc)

Use this chads2vasc calculator: provide patient details to compute the CHA2DS2‑VASc score and estimate stroke risk in AF.

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Basic information

Age *

Pick an age band to auto‑apply the corresponding score.

Sex

Male0

Female+1

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Medical conditions

Hypertension

SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg

Heart failure

LV dysfunction or history of HF

Diabetes

FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%

Stroke/TIA history

Prior stroke or transient ischemic attack

Vascular disease

MI, PAD, or aortic plaque

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Enter patient information and click calculate

Why use this chads2vasc calculator?

This chads2vasc calculator is designed around widely adopted guidance to assist clinical judgment

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Evidence‑informed

The chads2vasc calculator leverages the widely recognized CHA2DS2‑VASc framework

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Immediate feedback

Real‑time chads2vasc calculator scoring with tailored pointers

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Privacy first

This chads2vasc calculator runs entirely in your browser; nothing is saved to a server

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Adaptive layout

Smooth chads2vasc calculator experience across desktop, tablet and phone

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Clinician‑oriented

A dependable chads2vasc calculator for healthcare teams and patients

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Simple to use

Clear, streamlined chads2vasc calculator interface for effortless use

How the scoring works

A quick tour of the rationale behind CHA2DS2‑VASc

1What is the CHA2DS2‑VASc score?

CHA2DS2‑VASc is a widely used clinical tool for estimating stroke risk in atrial fibrillation. It summarizes several core risk factors to inform anticoagulation decisions.

Scoring items:

CCongestive heart failure

HHypertension

AAge

DDiabetes

SStroke/TIA history

VVascular disease

AAge

SSex (female)

2How points are assigned

Age bands:

≥75 years+2

65–74 years+1

<65 years0

Additional items:

Female sex+1

Hypertension+1

Heart failure+1

Diabetes+1

Stroke/TIA history+2

Vascular disease+1

Facts & data

The table shows the relationship between CHA2DS2‑VASc scores and annual event risk

CHA2DS2‑VASc score	Ischemic stroke risk	Stroke/TIA/systemic embolism
0	0.2%	0.3%
1	0.6%	0.9%
2	2.2%	2.9%
3	3.2%	4.6%
4	4.8%	6.7%
5	7.2%	10.0%
6	9.7%	13.6%
7	11.2%	15.7%
8	10.8%	15.2%
9	12.2%	17.4%

Source:Friberg, 2012. Note: risk appears paradoxically lower at 7–8 in this dataset; typically higher scores imply higher risk.

Trend chart

Evidence at a glance

CHA2DS2‑VASc is an update to the older CHADS₂ score to provide a simple clinical tool for predicting 1‑year thromboembolic risk in non‑valvular AF. Despite limitations in the derivation cohorts, the score has been validated across regions and is clinically useful. While overall discrimination is modest (c‑statistic ~0.6–0.7), the negative predictive value for truly low‑risk patients is high, helping identify those who may not require anticoagulation.

As a result, CHA2DS2‑VASc is widely validated and incorporated into international guidelines as a core index for AF risk stratification. Although explored in other populations, routine use is focused on its original purpose in AF.

Since 2010, AF epidemiology and management have evolved. The role of sex has been debated; recent guidance (e.g., 2024 ESC) discusses CHA2DS2‑VA (sex removed), harmonizing anticoagulation thresholds and inclusivity. Some cohorts show similar or slightly improved performance with CHA2DS2‑VA.

Additional refinements have been proposed (e.g., incorporating cancer) but require further validation.

In summary, CHA2DS2‑VASc remains central to AF stroke risk assessment, and ongoing refinements will continue as clinical practice evolves.

More details and references:MDCalc evidence page.

Q&A

Frequently asked questions about the chads2vasc calculator and the CHA2DS2‑VASc score

What is the CHA2DS2‑VASc score?

A widely used tool to estimate ischemic stroke risk in atrial fibrillation, incorporating age, sex, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, prior stroke/TIA and vascular disease.

Who should be assessed with CHA2DS2‑VASc?

Mainly adults with atrial fibrillation. It helps estimate stroke risk and supports anticoagulation discussions.

How do I interpret results?

Total scores range 0–9. 0: low risk (often no anticoagulation). 1: low–moderate (individualized). ≥2: moderate/high (anticoagulation commonly recommended). Final decisions remain with clinicians.

How is age counted?

≥75 years: +2; 65–74 years: +1; <65 years: 0.

How does sex affect the score?

Female sex contributes +1; male contributes 0.

What counts as vascular disease?

History of myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease or aortic plaque (adds +1).

Does this replace medical advice?

No. It supports decision‑making but is not a substitute for professional diagnosis or treatment.

How often should I reassess?

Review periodically, particularly when clinical status changes (new conditions, aging, etc.).

Important notice

This tool is educational and does not replace clinical judgment. Seek a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment.

Evidence & references

Based on peer‑reviewed research and major clinical guidelines

📚Key studies

Development and validation of CHA2DS2‑VASc

Lip GYH, et al.

Chest, 2010

Introduced CHA2DS2‑VASc and validated its predictive utility in AF.

European Society of Cardiology AF guidelines

ESC Guidelines

European Heart Journal, 2020

Guidance endorsing CHA2DS2‑VASc for risk assessment and anticoagulation decisions.

Validation of CHA2DS2‑VASc in diverse populations

Olesen JB, et al.

BMJ, 2011

Nationwide validation of CHA2DS2‑VASc performance in Denmark.

Validation of CHA2DS2‑VASc in Asian populations

Chao TF, et al.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015

Confirmed applicability and performance in Asian AF cohorts.

📋Clinical guidelines & recommendations

ACC/AHA guidelines

ACC/AHA(2019)

Recommend CHA2DS2‑VASc for AF stroke risk assessment and anticoagulation strategy.

Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines

CCS(2020)

Emphasize CHA2DS2‑VASc in AF management with detailed application guidance.

Asia Pacific Society of Cardiology consensus

APSC(2017)

Regional recommendations for CHA2DS2‑VASc use in APAC AF populations.

World Heart Federation statement

WHF(2021)

Highlights standardized global use of CHA2DS2‑VASc in AF management.

Academic note

This calculator is developed from the literature and guidelines listed above and is updated periodically.

Begin your assessment

Use the CHA2DS2‑VASc score to support clinical decision‑making